• The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the

  2024-09-10

  

  The molecular mechanisms that mediate the plasticity of the NMJ are not well understood. PGC-1α is a master regulator of the NMJ gene expression program 23, 24, and thus AMPK might indirectly regulate the NMJ via its broad influence on the coactivator. Cerveró et al.[6] recently provided more direct

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-09-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Competing financial interests Acknowledgements The work was partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31530053 and 31401424) and National Science and Technology Support Plan (Grant no. 2013BA

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are abundant environme

  2024-09-10

  

  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter, combustion engines, residential heating, d-glucose burning, and industrial activities (Gelboin, 1980; Phillips, 1999, Phillips, 2002). Some PAHs have bee

• ethionamide There are human genes in

  2024-09-10

  

  There are 12 human genes in the SLC5A family, and 6 of these are expressed in human heart (Table 2). Little is known about SGLT proteins in the heart. Zhou et al. [56] reported the presence of SGLT1 mRNA in the human heart. Researchers have found that levels of SGLT1 mRNA in heart are approximately

• Control of retinal vascularization during development and OI

  2024-09-09

  

  Control of retinal vascularization during development and OIR likely involves close interactions among endothelial cells, neurons and glial U 18666A (microglial and astrocytes) (see Fig. 2). In particular, the interaction between endothelial tip cells and astrocytes plays a critical role in developm

• As an alternative to chronic receptor blockade we

  2024-09-09

  

  As an alternative to chronic receptor blockade, we have been targeting adenosine kinase (ADK) – an astrocyte-based enzyme that catalyses the phosphorylation of adenosine, as a means to modify L-α-Aminoadipic Acid adenosinergic signalling (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Up-regulating ADK f

• Ro 60-0175 fumarate A more versatile cellular delivery syste

  2024-09-09

  

  A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both Ro 60-0175 fumarate of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplantable aden

• Despite hydrolysis with commercial enzymes like

  2024-09-09

  

  Despite hydrolysis with commercial enzymes like trypsin, pepsin, Alcalase, Flavourzyme and Thermolysin have been used to digest parent proteins and generate peptides, microbial fermentation by proteolytic species has also proved to be a successful strategy (Fakhfakh et al., 2013, Jemil et al., 2016,

• The discovery of acetylsalicylic acid aspirin in

  2024-09-09

  

  The discovery of acetylsalicylic pcr master mix (aspirin) in 1897 paved the way for the development of classical NSAIDs as first-line therapeutics for anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic therapy. Large efforts have been made in the following decades to improve the efficacy and in particul

• Molecular docking quantitative structure activity relationsh

  2024-09-09

  

  Molecular docking, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) and high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) studies have a very widespread use in computer-assisted drug design.25, 26, 27, 28 Suvannang et al. used the published X-ray crystallographic data to examine known aromatase inhibitors

• Since at least prospective cohort studies have been conducte

  2024-09-09

  

  Since 2005, at least 14 prospective cohort studies have been conducted to clarify inconsistencies in the field, ten of which suggested a direct correlation between antibiotic use and atopy or wheezing later in life [51–60], three found no association [61–63], and one found positive association only

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2024-09-06

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The novel and central finding of the current study is that endothelial 12/15-LO rather than the monocytic/macrophagic 12/15-LO has a critical role in hyperglycemia-induced leukocyte adhesion and retinal endothelial barrier dysfunction. The following

• br Introduction Diabetes mellitus DM

  2024-09-06

  

  Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin production and needs a daily administration of insulin. Actually, no prevention is known for Type 1 diabetes. Type

• br A novel therapeutic strategy based on

  2024-09-06

  

  A novel therapeutic strategy based on the APN and obesity paradoxes As shown above, the relationship of the serum APN concentration with health and disease states shows an inverted-U correlation, suggesting that moderate concentrations of serum APN are beneficial (Fig. 3). Given that both hypo- a

• wdr5 br Introduction Cell motility is fundamentally

  2024-09-06

  

  Introduction Cell motility is fundamentally important in morphogenesis, wound healing, and the immune response. One of the best-studied basic types of cell movement is lamellipodial motility [1, 2], characterized by a thin (∼0.1–0.2 μm), broad (∼10–40 μm) motile appendage containing a dynamic wdr

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