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The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF in
2023-10-31
The role of circulating physiologic concentrations of FGF21 in glucose metabolism, however, remains unclear. Circulating FGF21 levels in obese and diabetic rodents, and in patients with type 2 diabetes are significantly higher than those in controls without diabetes [4], [5], [6]. On the other hand,
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AdipoR and AdipoR have been reported to
2023-10-31
AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 have been reported to be present in almost all type of tissues and low Valsartan levels have been observed in white adipose tissue (Inukai et al., 2005). These receptors have been observed to become deregulated with the onset of obesity, resulting in a reduced level of APN expre
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In the previous study we demonstrated the importance of the
2023-10-31
In the previous study, we demonstrated the importance of the mPFC postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor in the sustained antidepressant effects, because a sustained antidepressant effect was obtained with intra-mPFC injection, but not systemic injection of 8-OH-DPAT, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist (Fukumoto et al
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Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of HT in u
2023-10-31
Despite functional studies demonstrating the role of 5-HT in ureteral contractility, the source of endogenous 5-HT in the ureter is unclear. Since 5-HT-containing enterochromaffin cells, which are present in the gastrointestinal tract, could not be found in the ureter (Nocito et al., 2007, Ripoche,
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br Concluding remarks ROP is a major cause
2023-10-31
Concluding remarks ROP is a major cause of childhood blindness in the world. Current pharmacological therapy focus on anti-VEGF strategy, but this strategy is associated with the unintended effects on delayed eye growth and retinal vasculature development of preterm infants. Preclinical studies u
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br Expression of ADK in the normal brain
2023-10-31
Expression of ADK in the normal brain In adult brain, ADK is primarily expressed in astrocytes. Immunocytochemical analysis of adult rat and mouse daunorubicin revealed predominant astrocytic expression throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Two isoforms of ADK have been identified in mammals, a
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The following are the supplementary data related to this
2023-10-31
The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Conflict of interest Acknowledgements Disclosure of interest Introduction Since the introduction of platinum-based chemotherapy, metastatic testicular cancer has become a curable disease and most testicular cancer patient
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br Studies in zebrafish vascular and neural development
2023-10-31
Studies in zebrafish: vascular and neural development and the regulation of left–right asymmetry Zebrafish embryos represent an excellent model system to examine vertebrate vascular development. Major advantages of the zebrafish system include its genetic tractability, small size, external fertil
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Chlorogenic acid an abundant polyphenol
2023-10-31
Chlorogenic Sumatriptan (7), an abundant polyphenol found in coffee and the human diet, has various biological activities including antioxidant and anticancer effects [54]. Jiang et al. reported that compound 7 had a selective cytotoxic activity on human oral tumor cells (HSG, HSC-2) as compared wi
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Hydrogen sulfide H S a colorless and water soluble
2023-10-31
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) [33], a colorless and water-soluble gas with the smell of rotten eggs, is now recognized as an important gasotransmitter, after the extensive study of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). H2S is produced endogenously via enzymatic reactions of cysteine, homocysteine and
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br ABCA modulates intracellular sphingolipid
2023-10-30
ABCA2 modulates intracellular sphingolipid metabolism in the LE/LY Recycling of plasma membrane lipids that occurs by constitutive endocytosis and vesicularization of complex glycolipids, complex sphingolipids and cholesterol as well as free cholesterol liberated from LDL after receptor-mediated
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Further evidence for action mechanism was provided by assays
2023-10-30
Further evidence for action mechanism was provided by assays using [3H]nisoxetine, a selective NET inhibitor used as standard radioligand for competitive binding experiments. The results showed dose-dependent blocking of [3H]nisoxetine binding by both xylazine and dexmedetomidine. Nisoxetine binds t
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2023-10-30
Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we have demonstrated that the adiponectin system (genes and proteins) is present in the porcine endometrium (epithelial glandular cells, luminal epithelial sr9009 and stromal cells) and myometrium (longitudinal and circular muscle lay
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Extracellular ATP and downstream purinergic
2023-10-30
Extracellular ATP and downstream purinergic signaling have also been proposed to contribute to dental pulp tissue healing and dentin regeneration. Mechanical and thermal stimulation of external dentin can induce ATP release in dental pulp through pannexins [13]. Cold stimulation was also reported to
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Acl converts cytosolic citrate CoA and ATP
2023-10-30
Acl converts cytosolic citrate, CoA and ATP into acetyl-CoA, ADP+Pi and oxaloacetate (Fig. 1). This cytosolic enzyme is present in few Prokaryotes and in all Eukaryotes, but not in non-oleaginous yeasts [14]. Thus, this enzyme was presumed to be essential for FA synthesis [1], [13], [15]. In most mi
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